Pneumatic engine.



D. KLEIN.

PNEUMATIC ENGINE. APPLIOATION FILED O0T.21, 190B.

Patented June 29, 1909.

D. KLEIN. PNEUMATIC ENGINE.

APPLIUATION FILED 001221, 1908 Patented June 29, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 @uuenfoz 191M caoeo attorneys DANIEL KLEIN, OF SPOKANE, WASHINGTON.

PNEUMATIC Enema.

all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, DANIEL KLEIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Spokanethe county of Spokane and State of Washmgton, have invented a new and usev ful Pneumatic Engine, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to pneumat c engines, tools, and the like, and has for its principal object to provide .a novel form of engine which may be operated under natural atmospheric pressure by connecting the exhaustrto the'vacuum chamber, or the like, or which may be made to operate with steam, air 'or other fiuid under any desired degree of pressure.

A further object of the invention is to provide an engine of this type in which the movement of the piston is placed under the control of a pressure operated valve disposed within the piston.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an engine in which a reciprocatoryoperated "valve is arranged within a reciprocatory operated piston, the valve being arranged to move with the piston, and belngalso movable independently thereof.

A still-further object of the invention is to provide an engine which may be connected'up in various ways, so to be used either asa pneumatic tool for hammering,

1 riveting or other purposes, or to operate as a driving element for a sewing machine, washing machine, milking machine pnlsator, or any .work of like descriptlon. It may,

i also, be made of any size and made either portable or stationary.

Withthese and other objects in view, as W111 more fully hereinafter appear, the invention -GOI1S1StS 1n certalu novel features of construction and arrangement of parts, hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that various changes in the form-, proportions, size and minor details of construction may he made without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages-of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings :-Fig are l is a side elevation of a pneumatic engine constructed in accordance with the invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig.3 is a sectional elevation of the engine onthe line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a trans- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 21, 1908.

Patented June 29, 1909.

Serial NIO. 458,857

verse section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view on the line 55 of Fig. 2. Fi 6 is a view corres 0nding to Fig. 3 showing the parts in di erent positions. Fig. 7 is a sectional plan view on the line 7--7 of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the main piston, detached. Fig. 9 is a similar view of the valve. Fig. 10 is a pneumatic tool.

Similar numerals of reference are employed to indicate corresponding, parts throughout the several figures of the drawings.

The main cylinder 10 of the engine is provided with removable caps 11 and 12 which may be of any ordinary construction, and is further provided with a connection 13 leading to a vacuum tube or a chamber in which a. vacuum is maintained, and in this connection is a controlling valve 14, which adjusts the available area of the main discharge port three inlet ports 16, 17 and 1.8, through which air under atmospheric pressure is allowed to enter for the purpose of operating the engine when the pipe 13 is connected to a vacuum chamber or the like, but where the device is operatod'by a pressure greater than that of the atmosphere these several ports 16, 17 and 18 may be connected to the source of pressure supply, and the tube 13 may then be utilized merely for the purpose of carrying oh" the exhaust fluid, the vacuum connection being unnecessary.

The main' piston 10 is provided with a central bore containing a reciprocatory piston valve 20, and the ends of the piston bore are closed by removable caps or plugs 21, so that the valve may be readily removed when necessary.

The valve proper is provided with two simple annular ports 22 and 23, in the form of grooves that extend around the valve, while the interior of the valve is )reterably hollowed out for the purpose o'li reducing its weight.

In addition to the main exhaust port 15 of the cylinder, there is an additional byhaust port as shown more clearly in Fig. '7. The ma n piston is provided kith a series of ports for controlling the movements of 15, and thus controls the speed of operat on of the engine. The cylinder is provided with sectional elevation illustrating the manner in which the engine is mounted for use as a pass exhaust 25 which leads to the main ex- I downward.

i the valve, and also with ports which in conneetion with the valve control the movement of the piston itself.

Referring now more particularly to Figs.

3 and 6, it will be seen that the pistonlias two inlet ports 26 and 27, the upper port 26 running to the top of the valve chamber, and the lower port 27 running to the bottom of the valve chamber. When the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 3, the port 27 is in alinement with the admission port 17, and the air under natural or artificial pressure may pass from port 17 through port 27 to the lower end of the valve chamber for the purpose of raising the valve. When the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 6, the port 26 registers with the port 16, and the-air may enter through the port 16 and pass through port 26 to the top of the valve chamber for the purpose of moving the valve The piston, moreover, has two ports 30 and 31, which operate as exhausts, or which serve as vacuum ports when the device is used as a vacuum engine. the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 3, the port 30 communicates with the by-pass exhaust 25, so that the air may be withdrawn from the top of the valve chamber at the same time air is admitted through the port 27 for the purpose of raising the valve or when the device is used with artificial pressure the port 30 merely acts as an exhaust to allow the air at the top of the valve chamber to escape. When the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 6, the port 31 places the lower end of the valve chamber in communication with the bypass exhaust 25 for a like purpose.

The operating fluid for the piston proper enters through the port 13, which is in con-' stant communication with a vertical port 35 formed in the periphery of the piston. From this portv35 lead two radial ports 36 and 37, these extending through the Wall of the piston to the valve chamber and being alternately placed in communication with the valve ports 22 and 23, as will be evident on reference to Fig. 4. The main exhaust ports of the piston are indicated at 39., 40 and 41, the latter port communicating with both of the ports 39 and 40, and being in constant communication with the main exhaust or vacuum port 15.

At one side of the piston are two vertically disposed peripheral ports 44 and 45, the upper port 44 extending to the upper end of the piston, and the lower port 45 extending to the lower end of the piston. From the port 44 lead two ports 46 and 47 to the valve chamber, and from the port 45 lead two ports 48 and 49 which also extend to the valve chamber, and all of these ports 46, 47, 48 and 49 are under the direct control of the valve.

When the parts are in the normal position shown in Figs. 3 and 4, atmospheric air en- When ters the port 17, passes through the port 27 to the bottom of the valve chamber, and at the same time the top of the valve chamber is placed in communication with the by-pass port 25 through the port 30, .so that the vacuum action may draw out the air from the top of the valve chamber, while the at mospheric air enters the bottom of the valve chamber and raises the valve. Under this operation, the valve is raised to the top of the valve chamber assuming the position shown in Fig. 6. The valve moves upward, however, before the piston is raised, and the annular port 23 of the valve moves in communication with the port 49, (see Fig. 5), and, also, in communication with the port 37, which latter communicates with the port 35 leading to the inlet 18, so that air under pressure either natural or artificial may enter through the port 18 and pass through the port 35 to port 37, thence to port 23, port 49, port 45, to the lower end of the cylinder for the purpose of raising the piston.

At the saine time the upper valve port 22 moves in communication with the port 46, and with the port 39 which latter communicates through port 41 with the main vacuum or exhaust port 15, so that the air at the top of the cylinder may pass through the ports 44, 46, 22, 39, and 41 to the main vacuum or exhaust port 15. As a result of this operationthe piston will be raised and will carry with it the valve, the parts then assuming the position shown in Fig. 6. In this position all of the parts are ready for the return movement, the upper end of the valve cha1nber communicating with the inlet port 16 through the port 26, whilejhe lower end of the valve chamber communicates, with the by pass exhaust 25 through the port 31,-and when the valve is moved downward, it will place the piston ports in such position as to admit the air under natural or artificial pressure to the top of the cylinder, while the bottom of the cylinder will be placed in communication with the main vacuum or exhaust port 15.

\Vhenthe device is operated by air, steam or other-(fluid under pressure, theoperation is precisely the same as that described, ex-

rcpt that the port 15 becomes merely an exhaust port. 7 I

It is further obvious that the pipe 13 may be placed in communication with a source of pressure supply, 'inscad of with the 130 vacuum, and the ports 1 6, 17, and 18 utilized as exhaust ports, in which case the engine the device may be used as the operating member of a milking machme pulsator, or

- may be connected to a sewing machine, wash- 1. In a pneumatic engine, a cylinder, a piston arranged therein and provlded with a a central valve chamber, a reciprocatory piston valve disposed in the chamber, independent spaced admission ports leading through the wall of the cylinder for the operation of the valve and the piston, independent spaced exhaust ports leading through the.wall of the cylinder for the exhaust from the valve chamber and the cyl-,

inder, ports leading through the iston to the valve chamber and controllab e by the piston for theadmission and exhaust of operating fluid to and from the valve chamber, and independent ports in the piston and under the control of the valve for controlling the admission and exhaust of actuating fluid to and from the cylinder through 'the independent admission and exhaust ports.

2. In an engine of the class described, a cylinder,,a reciprocatory piston disposed in the cylinde r and provided with a central valve chamber, a reciprocatory piston valve in said chamber, the valve being movable independently of and simultaneously with the piston, said valve being provided with a pair of peripherally disposed grooves forming ports, the piston being provided with admission ports and exhaust ports leading from the valve chamber to the periphery of the piston, there being independent admission orts extending through the wall of the cylinder and arranged to alter nately communicate with the admission ports of the piston, a main exhaust port leading from the cylinder, an auxiliary exhaust port communicating with the main exhaust and also leading through the wall of the cylinder, said auxiliary exhaust port being placed in communication alternately with the piston exhaust ports leading from the valve chamber, the wall of the cylinder being further provided with an inlet port for the admission of fluid to actuate the piston, and the wall of the piston having two inlet ports in constant communication with the inlet port of the cylinder and under the control of ,the valve, said piston being further provided witlra pair of exhaust ports in constant communicationwith the main exhaust and also under the control of the valve, the iston being further provided with a pair oi peripheral ports leading to the ends of the piston and each peripheral port terminating in. two passages that extend through the wall of the piston and are under the control of the valve.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

' DANIEL KLEIN.

Witnesses:

JLC. WELD, 'lK. E. DAVIS. 

